ESA and NASA have signed a new Memorandum of Understanding to formalize the provision of key elements for the Rosalind Franklin rover mission. The space Agencies are consolidating their cooperation on the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin mission with an agreement that ensures important US contributions, such as the launch service, elements of the propulsion system needed for landing on Mars and heater units for the Rosalind Franklin rover. Furthermore, ESA is working to launch its most ambitious exploration mission to search for past and present signs of life on Mars in 2028.