Day two in Riyadh moved from principles to plumbing: licences, spectrum, filings and the countdown to WRC-27. Egypt’s regulator delivered the line of the day, “allocation is not authorisation”. STC and AST SpaceMobile put a date on D2D, ANFR flagged Europe’s looming 2 GHz MSS decision, and a new report priced business-as-usual debris losses at up to $42 billion over a decade.






